Guidelines for selecting and avoiding mine crushing hammers

🔧 Key Principles for Hydraulic Breaker Selection

1. Matching Equipment Specifications

• Excavator Weight & Bucket Capacity:

  The breaker weight should be 60-80% of the excavator bucket’s load capacity (calculated as Wh = (0.6~0.8) × (W4 × ρ), where ρ = material density ≈1600kg/m³). Oversized breakers risk excavator tipping, while undersized ones reduce efficiency and accelerate wear.

• Hydraulic Flow & Pressure:

  Ensure breaker flow demand (15-450 L/min) matches excavator auxiliary valve output. Excess flow causes system overheating; insufficient flow lowers impact frequency. Refer to Flow-Tonnage Reference Table:

  Shank Diameter (mm)	Excavator Tonnage (t)	Flow Requirement (L/min)
  75	6-9	50-90
  100	11-16	80-110
  135	16-21	100-150

  
  

2. Structural Design Selection

• Triangle/Plate Type:

  Exposed sides, high noise, prone to frame loosening (common in budget models).

• Silenced Box Type:

  Full enclosure with damping materials, 30% lower noise and vibration. Protects internal parts, reduces carrier stress (global industry standard).

⚙️ Operational Scenarios & Tool Selection

1. Rock Hardness & Breakage Mode

• Penetration Crushing (e.g., concrete, soft rock):

  Use chisel or blade-tip tools for wedge-splitting effect. Ideal for layered/soft materials.

• Impact Shattering (e.g., granite, quartzite):

  Blunt-tip tools transfer stress waves without deep penetration. Super-blunt tips extend service life in abrasive conditions.

2. Critical Usage Warnings

• Avoid "Dry Hitting":

  Striking air >1 minute causes bolt fracture and piston damage. Stop when material cracks.

  
  

• Oil Temperature Control:

  Operate at 50-60°C (max 80°C). Overheating degrades seals and accelerates wear.

💎 Costly Mistakes to Avoid

1. Ignoring Carrier-Breaker Compatibility

"Mismatched breakers cause 40% higher downtime costs. E.g., 20t excavator + 135mm breaker overloads hydraulic pumps, increasing repair costs by $15,000/year".

2. Misinterpreting Model Numbers

Breaker model numbers may indicate:

Always verify actual specs with manufacturers.

• Excavator weight (e.g., GB130 = for 13t excavators)

• Bucket capacity (e.g., SB50 = for 0.5m³ buckets)

• Impact energy (e.g., GB320 = 320J impact)

  
  

3. Overlooking Accumulator Type

• Accumulator-free breakers reduce maintenance by 50% (no diaphragm replacement) with equal impact force. Prioritize this for harsh mining conditions.